Muslims rulers and Sufi saints

Husain Khan marched with a large army in 1696, aiming to avenge a defeat. Discover his role in the battle and the fierce outcome in this historical account.

Explore Khushal Chand's unique blend of poetry and history during the Mughal era, as he followed Guru Nanak and chronicled royal successions and Sikh bravery.

Discover the valor and significance of Painda Khan, an Afghan warrior trained by Guru Hargobind. Explore his life, battles, and legacy in Sikh history.

Discover Shah Shuja, King of Kabul's dramatic journey through power struggles, captivities, and attempted throne recoveries, impacting Afghan history.

Discover the historical journey of Ata Muhammad Khan Barakzai, Kashmir's governor in 1809, caught in a power struggle over the coveted region.

DILAWAR KHAN, a Mughal chief, who during the closing years of seventeenth century sent his son, referred to as Khanzada in Guru Gobind Singh`s Bachitra Natak, as head of an imperial expedition to exact tribute from the Guru. The young commander, marching with alacrity, reached the vicinity of Anandpur at midnight and intended to surprise the town. But the Guru was alerted by his chamberlain, Alam Chand, and the Sikhs, putting on their armour, rushed out to meet the invaders. The beating of the Ranjit Nagara and the warcries of the Sikhs echoed widely in the stillness of the dark winter`s night, giving an exaggerated estimate of their numbers. 

Discover how Guru Arjan Dev redefines the concept of Paradise, prioritizing spiritual devotion over material temptations like the allure of a houri.

Discover Diwan Lakkhi Mall's significant role in Lahore's history as he secured Bannu and led expeditions in 1844 under Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

Discover the relentless rebellion of Painda Khan in Darband against the Sikh government during the early 1800s and his dramatic clashes with the Lahore Darbar.

Discover Shah Zaman's bold attempts to expand Afghan influence in India during the late 1700s, facing challenges from Sikh leaders like Ranjit Singh.

Discover the legacy of Aurangzib, the formidable Mughal emperor who ascended Delhi's throne in 1658, known for his controversial and orthodox reign.

DAULAT KHAN LODHI, NAWAB, an Afghan noble, was, during the last quarter of the fifteenth century, governor of Jalandhar Doab with Sultanpur, a town in present day Kapurthala district, as his capital. One of his officials, Jai Ram, was married to Guru Nanak`s sister, Nanaki.Jai Ram secured young Nanak employment as keeper of the Nawab`s granaries and stores at Sultanpur. Nanak applied himself to his duties diligently, and impressed everyone with his gentleness and openhanded generosity.

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4 years Ago

Explore the deeper meaning of Aarti in Hinduism and Sikhism, where true worship goes beyond rituals and embraces the beauty of nature and truth.

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4 years Ago

Explore the profound concept of Aatma and its connection to Paramaatma, God, and the transcendental self in Sikh and Hindu philosophies.

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Explore the distinctive and largely unknown Sikh architectural style, with its rich history in gurdwaras, forts, and palaces, by S.S. Bhatti.

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18 years Ago

Explore Akal Bunga, the iconic site housing the Akal Takht in Amritsar, a symbol of Sikh religious authority. Learn its role and history here.

The Sikh Encyclopedia

This website based on Encyclopedia of Sikhism by Punjabi University , Patiala by Professor Harbans Singh.