PARDHAN KAUR (1718-1792), Patiala princess, better known as Bibi Pardhan, was the daughter of Baba Ala Singh, founder of the family. She was born in 1718 at Bhadaur, in present day Sarigrur district of the Punjab. She was married to Mohar Singh Randhava, of the village of Ramdas in

SAHIB DEVAN, by tradition mother of the Khalsa, was the daughter of Bhai Har Bhagvan alias Ramu, a Bassi Khatri, and his wife, Jas Devi, a devout Sikh couple of Rohtas, in Jehlum district (now in Pakistan). Her parents had from the beginning dedicated her to the service of

BISHAN KAUR, mother of Mata Gujari and wife of Lal Chand, was a woman gifted with good looks and fortune. Both husband and wife were the devoted Sikhs of Guru Hargobind. They were among the guests assembled to witness the nuptial ceremonies of Suraj Mall, son of Guru Hargobind.

GULAB KAUR, RANI (d. 1838), daughter of a landlord of Jagdeo in Amritsar district, was married to Maharaja Ranjit Singh by the rite of chddar anddzi, marriage by permanently knotting lady`s scarf. Ram Gulab Kaur died in 1838.

LACHHMI, RANI, daughter of Desa Singh Vadpagga, a Sandhu Sikh of the village of Jogki Khan, in Gujranwala district, now in Pakistan, was married to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, in 1820. She survived the Maharaja and received from the British a pension of Rs 11,200 per annum.

PARTAP KAUR, RANI (d. 1857), daughter of Jagat Singh of Kot Kapura, now in Faridkot district of the Punjab, was married to Karivar Sher Singh, son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, in 1825. She died on 23 August 1857, leaving an adopted son, Thakar Singh, aged 14 years. Thakar Singh

SAHIB KAUR, BIBI (1771-1801), warrior and leader of men who played a prominent part in the history of the cis Sutlej states from 1793 to 1801, was the elder sister of Raja Sahib Singh of Patiala. Born in 1771, Sahib Kaur was married at an early age to Jaimal

CHAND KAUR, MAHARANI (1802-1842), wife of Maharaja Kharak Singh, the eldest son of and successor to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was born the daughter of SardarJaimal Singh of the Kanhaiya mis in 1802 at Fatehgarh, in present day Gurdaspur district of the Punjab. She was married to Prince Kharak Singh

GUL BAHAR BEGAM (d. 1863), a dancing girl from Amritsar, was married to Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1832. Gul Begam had danced before the Maharaja`s English guests at the time of his meeting with British Governor General, Lord William Bentinck, at Ropar in October 1831. Ranjil Singh there after

MAHA DEVI, MATA (d. 1645), also called Mata Marvahi after her ancestral caste-name, was the daughter of Bhai Dvara (also known as Daya Ram) and Mata Bhagan of the village of Mandiala on the right bank of the Ravi, 20 km southwest of Lahore. She was married to Guru

PHUL (1627-1689), ancestor of the Phulkiari dynasty, was born in 1629, the second son of Bhai Rup Chand and Mat Ambi. His father was killed fighting against the Bhatlis, Rajput converts to Islam, who were their old enemies and who had control over the Malva region. On the death

SUNDARI, MATA (d. 1747), the second wife of Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), was the daughter of Bhai Ram Saran, a Kumarav Khatri of Bijvara. in present day Hoshiarpur district of the Punjab. She was married to Guru Gobind Singh at Anandpur on 4 April 1684. On 26 January 1687,