Explore the Rikabganj Agitation (1913-20), a pivotal Sikh protest against the British demolition of the Gurdwara Rikabganj wall in New Delhi.
Discover the intense Sikh-Muslim conflict in Punjab over the sacred Gurdwara Shahidganj site in Lahore from 1935 to 1940. Learn about its historic significance.
Explore the 1691 Battle of Nadaun where Guru Gobind Singh supported hill barons against imperial forces. Discover its legacy and Gurdwara PatshahT Dasviri.
Explore the Rakhi System, an 18th-century Sikh protection method under Dal Khalsa, granting villages safety amid chaos in exchange for revenue.
ANGLOSIKH TREATY (BHYROWAL/ BHAROVAL, December 1846), signed on 16 December 1846 between the East India Company and the minor Maharaja Duleep Singh, provided for a Britishcontrolled regency till the Maharaja came of age. Maharani Jind Kaur, who was acting as regent other son, Duleep Singh, had believed that, as stipulated in the treaty of Lahore (11 March 1846), the British force would leave Lahore. But she was soon disillusioned as the British, instead of quitting, started strengthening their authority over Lahore administration. GovernorGeneral Henry Hardinge sent to Lahore his secretary, Frederick Currie, who isolating Maharani Jind Kaur, manipulated the leading sardars and chiefs into requesting the British for a fresh treaty.
ELLEN BOROUGH PAPERS, official and private correspondence and papers of Lord Ellen borough, Governor General of India (1842-44), preserved in the Public Records Office, London. Some of these papers were used by Lord Colchester in his History of the Indian Administration of Lord Ellen borough in His Correspondence with the Duke of Wellington and the Queen (London, 1874). Similarly, Sir Algernon Law published some selected papers in his India under Lord Ellen borough (London, 1926) containing references to the Punjab, particularly the dissensions in the State and the intentions of British government about its future. Among others, the Papers contain letters to and from the GovernorGeneral`s Agent, North-West Frontier (January 1844-June 1844) PRO 30/12 (60) and PRO 30/12 (106).
Explore the impact of Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms on Sikh representation in India's legislative bodies. Discover key historical insights and developments.
Explore the historic Unity Conference of 1932 that aimed for Indian self-governance by uniting diverse communities and addressing political representation.
CHAR SAHIBZADE, (char = four + sahibzade = scions, young men of genteel birth) is a term endearingly used for the four sons of Guru Gobind Singh, Nanak X, all of whom died as martyrs while still very young. Their names are reverently preserved in Sikh memory and are recalled every time Sikh ardas or prayer of supplication is recited at a congregation or privately by an individual. See AJIT SINGH. SAHIBZADA; FATEH SINGH, SAHIBZADA; JUJHAR SINGH, SAHIBZADA; and ZORAWAR SINGH, SAHIBZADA
Explore the historic rise of the Ruhilas from the Yusafzai tribe, establishing power between the Ganges and Kumaon hills in the 18th century.
