PANCHAMI

PANCHAMI, lit. the fifth day of either phase {vadior sudi) of the moon. Panchami of the sudi, i.e. the brighter, phase is considered an auspicious day in the Hindu tradition, with some ritualistic observances attached to it. In the three Sikh hymns entitled Thitin/ Thiti devoted to the lunar days of the month, the point commonly made in verses on Panchami is that the people are too engrossed in the worldy pursuits to take to remembrance of the Divine which alone can bring real joy and bliss.Guru Nanak says that people are mad about the world and the creation made up of the five elements, and fail to understand the Incomprehensible Unattached Being.

Guru Arjan has affirmed that those saints are really great who understand the reality of the five elements and, thus, get rid of the five lusts. Men are exhorted in all the three compositions to observe Panchami not by performing any rituals but by living unattached in the material world and by being devoted to the Name. By custom, however, Panchami, particularly of the bright phase, is observed in some of the gurudwaras when special divans take place. Devotees forgather from distant places to offer homage and make ablutions in the holy tanks.

The Basant Panchami (fifth day of the bright phase of the moon in the month of Magh) falling in late January or early February is marked by special celebrations, especially at the historical Gurdwara at Chheharta, about three miles from Amritsar, and at Gurdwara Dukh Nivaran Sahib, in Patiala. On that day women generally dressed in yellow garments and men wearing yellowcoloured turbans join the festival. In Lahore, a largelyattended fair used to be held until the partition of 1947 at the Samadhi of Haqiqat Rai, the martyr, who was executed on the Basant Panchami day in AD 1734. T.S.