GARDNER, ALEXANDER HAUGHTON CAMPBELL (1785-1877). son of a Scottish immigrant, was, according to an autobiographical account, born in North America in 1785. As a boy, he learnt Italian, Spanish, Latin and Greek, and proceeded in 1807 to Ireland to train for a maritime career. Returning to America, he set out

JAWAHAR SINGH RANDHAVA, son ot`Prem Singh, a soldier in the army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, belonged lo the Randhava family of the village of Khunda in Gurdaspur district, who had once been with the Kanhaiya misi, but a major portion of whose territory had been confiscated by the Maharaja.

MOUTON, FRANCOIS HENRI (1804-1876), born at Montelimar (France) on 17 August 1804, joined the French army as a volunteer in 1823, becoming in 1827 a sublieutenant in the Royal Bodyguards. In 1835, he got promotion as captain. In 1838, he accompanied General Ventura, then on leave in France, to the

SANTA SINGH, BABU (1887-1926), Babar revolutionary, was born the son of Suba Singh at Harion Khurd, a village in Ludhiana district. He passed his matriculation from the Malwa Khalsa High School at Ludhiana where he also worked for some time as an office clerk. In February 1920, he enlisted

BACHITTAR SINGH MALVAI (d. 1840), eldest son of Dhanna Singh Malvai, joined the army of Ranjit Singh about 1827, and served first at Bahawalpur. When Peshawar was occupied by the Sikhs in 1834, Bachittar Singh was sent to Shabqadar, where a new cantonment had been laid out and a

GHAUS KHAN (d. 1814) was an artillery officer under Mahari Singh Sukkarchakkia, and after his death, under his son, Ranjit Singh. He knew something about casting guns, was skilful in his profession, and was rewarded with jdgirs at Van and Bharoval in Amritsar district, with a large house in Lahore

JIND KAUR, MAHARANI (1817-1863), popularly known as Jindari, was wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and mother of Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last Sikh sovereign of the Punjab. She was daughter of Manna Singh, an Aulakh Jail of Gujrariwala, who held an humble position at the court as an overseer

MUHKAM CHAND, DIWAN (1750-1814), a renowned Sikh army general of the early years of Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s reign, was born around AD 1750. Son of a small shopkeeper, Baisakhi Mall Khatri, of Kunjah, a village in Gujrat district, now in Pakistan, he trained as an accountant and served as a

SEVA SINGH, BHAI (1897-1921). one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was born in Magghar 1954 Bk/November December 1897, the son of Bhai Ishar Singh and Mai Atto of Chakk No. 80 Nizampur Mula Singhvala, district Sheikhupura. He attended the village primary school and also learnt land or the Mahajani script

BAKER, GEORGE, a Eurasian, who served as a drum major in one of the battalions of Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s army.

GILBERT, SIR WALTER RALEIGH (1785-1853), divisional commander of the British army under Lord Hugh Gough in the first and second Anglo Sikh wars, son of the Rev Edmund Gilbert, was born in Bodmin, England, in 1785. In 1801, he joined the Bengal infantry as a cadet. He rose to

KAHN SINGH ROSA (d. 1864), son of Sukkha Singh, was appointed Jamadar in the Dragoons corps of the Sikh army in 1822 and was placed under General Allard. The following year he was made a Risaldar in the same regiment. In 1829, he was, on General Ventura`s recommendation, appointed