Discover Jati Mall, a devoted warrior under Guru Hargobind, trained in martial arts, and instrumental in historic Sikh battles, leaving a heroic legacy.
Explore Miri Singh's battles alongside Banda Singh Bahadur against Mughals in Punjab. A tale of courage & historical significance.
Explore Narain Singh's contributions to Sikh history, supporting Bhai Maharaj Singh in pivotal campaigns and aiding the Khalsa army during critical periods.
Discover the heroic legacy of Ude Singh, a Khalsa warrior who valiantly fought for Guru Gobind Singh in the historic battles of Anandpur.
Explore the striking battles of Guru Gobind Singh in the Punjabi poem VAR BHERE Kl PATSHAHl 10, revealing ancient tales and poetic details.
Explore the legacy of Bakhshish Singh, who took Khalsa vows in 1699 and fought in Lohgarh & Nirmohgarh battles. Discover historical insights from Sri GurPratap Suraj Granth.
BHERA SRI GOBIND SINGH JI KA, also known as Var Bhere ki Patshahi Das, is an anonymous account, in Punjabi verse, of the battles of Anandgarh, Nirmohgarh and Chamkaur (1762 Bk/AD 1705). BAera from bher in Punjabi means a headon clash between two rival forces. A manuscript of this work was discovered in Baba Bir Singh`s dera at Naurangabad, nearAmritsar, and has since been published in an anthology, entitled Prachin Varan Te Jangname, brought out by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 1950. The BAera comprises twenty-four cantos of unequal length written in the poetic metre Nishani, with each canto preceded by a sloka.
CHANDRA SAIN SAINAPATI, commonly referred to as Sainapati and counted among the "fifty-two poets" of Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), was the son of Bal Chand, an educated Man Jatt of Lahore. His original name was Chandra Sain, Sainapati being the pseudonym he had taken. Chandra Sain, taught by one Devi Das, joined the group of Guru Gobind Singh`s poets, and rendered into Hindi verse Chanakya Niti, the well known Sanskrit treatise on statecraft and diplomacy. His Sri Gur Sobha, a versified life sketch of Guru Gobind Singh describing his major battles, the creation of the Khalsa, and events following the evacuation of Anandpur, is a work of much historical value.
FATEHNAMAH GURU KHALSA JI KA, by Ganesh Das, an employee of the Sikh Darbar, and published as edited by Sita Ram Kohli, contains accounts, in Punjabi verse, of three of the major battles of Sikh times. The first of these was fought at Multan in 1818 between Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s forces and the army of the local Afghan ruler Muzaffar Khan. The second, the first battle of Peshawar, also known as the battle of Naushera, was fought in 1823 between Sikhs and Muhammad`Azim Khan, who after the death of his brother Fateh Khan, had acquired power in Afghanistan and wished to reestablish Afghan supremacy over Peshawar.
GILBERT, SIR WALTER RALEIGH (1785-1853), divisional commander of the British army under Lord Hugh Gough in the first and second Anglo Sikh wars, son of the Rev Edmund Gilbert, was born in Bodmin, England, in 1785. In 1801, he joined the Bengal infantry as a cadet. He rose to be a major general in 1841, and lieutenant general in 1851. He commanded a division of the army under Sir Hugh Gough in the first Anglo Sikh war, in the battles of Mudki and Ferozeshah in December 1845, and at Sabhraori on 10 February 1846. Hugh Gough eulogized Gilbert`s services in his despatches.
