UMRAO SINGH MAJITHIA (1870-1954), born at Majitha, a village in Amritsar district, was the eldest son of Raja Surat Singh Majithia. Umrao Singh went to school at Amritsar and later joined the Aitchison College, Lahore. He was married to Narindar Kumari, daughter of Gulab Singh of Atari. Together they

ANGLOSIKH TREATY (BHYROWAL/ BHAROVAL, December 1846), signed on 16 December 1846 between the East India Company and the minor Maharaja Duleep Singh, provided for a Britishcontrolled regency till the Maharaja came of age. Maharani Jind Kaur, who was acting as regent other son, Duleep Singh, had believed that, as stipulated

BANARASI DAS. alias Banarasi Babu, who professed to be a Kuka Sikh, was originally a resident of Allahabad. Widely travelled, he had been to England in 1885-86 where he had met the deposed Maharaja Duleep Singh. On his return from England he went to Nepal, the favoured resort of

BROADFOOT, GEORGE (1807-1845) Joined service of the East India Company as a cadet in the Madras Native Infantry in 1826. In May 1841, he went to Kabul in command of the escort which accompanied the families of Shah Shuja` and Zaman Shah. He took part in the first Afghan war

DAYA KAUR, RAM (d. 1823), widow of Gurbakhsh Singh of the Nishanavali principality of the Sikhs who ruled over Ambala, assumed control of the misi and the family estate upon her husband`s death in 1786. She ruled over the territory remarkably well for nearly 37 years. Sir Lepel Griffin

HARI SINGH, a native of Pandori, one of a number of villages of that name, 8 km northwest of Tarn Taran in Amritsar district of the Punjab. He joined Bhai Maharaj Singh after the first AngloSikh war and helped him in his campaign in the Majha region against the

JAWAHAR SINGH NALVA (1809-1877), son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s celebrated general, Hari Singh Nalva, joined the Sikh army in 1832 and was sent to Jaharigira, a military post on the northwest frontier. Two years later lie was posted to Peshawar where he took part in numerous campaigns against the

KOHINUR ("Mountain of Light"), the peerless diamond which today lakes the pride of place among the British crown jewels, once belonged to Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last Sikh sovereign of the Punjab. Duleep Singh was made to surrender it to the British after the annexation of

MAYYA SINGH, a Saini Sikh of Naushahra in Amritsar district of the Punjab and a horseman of the Sikh army, fought in the battle of Ramnagar on 22 November 1848, and joined thereafter the volunteer corps of Bhai Maharaj Singh (d. 1856), leader of the popular revolt against the

PARDUMAN SINGH GIANI, BHAI (d. 1877), principal granthi or priest and manager of Sri Darbar Sahib at Amritsar, was the eldest of the four sons of Bhai Gurmukh Singh Giani (d. 1843), a man of learning and an influential courtier in Sikh times. He was the grandson of the

RICHMOND. COLONEL A.F., agent to the Governor General, North-West Frontier Agency (June 1843November 1844), who came to the Sutlej frontier when the political situation at Lahore had become unstable. It is believed that the Italian General Ventura, who had gained influence with the new Wazir, Hira Singh, feeling insecure at

SIKHS, THE, by General Sir John J.H. Gordon, was first published in 1904 by William Black wood and Sons, London, and reprinted in 1970 by the Languages Department, Punjab, Patiala. The author`s own reference as to when and why he thought of writing this book provides an important clue