RAM SINGH (1639-1714), Ram Chand before receiving the Sikh rites, was an ancestor of the ruling house of Patiala. The second son of Chaudhari Phul, he was married to Sahbi, daughter of one Nanu Bhullar, who gave birth to six sons Dunna, Sahba, Ala Singh, Bakhta,

JASPAT RAI (d. 1746), a native of Kalanaur, in Gurdaspur district of the Punjab, was during Mughal times the faujddr of Eminabad, now in Gujrariwala district of Pakistan. A weal thy ^fl^m/ar and an influential courtier of Zakanya Khan, the governor of Lahore, he once ransomed Lakhpat Rai, his

YAHIYA KHAN, the eldest son of Nawab Zakariya Khan, became governor of Lahore under the Mughals in 1745 after the death of his father. He continued his father\'s policy of repression against the Sikhs. During his regime, a fracas between a band of Sikh horsemen and the State constabulary resulted

JAVAND SINGH, BHAI (1887-1921), one of the martyrs of Nankana Sahib, was born on 22 September 1887, the second of the three sons of Bhal Ala Singh and MaT Bisso of Nijampur village in Amritsar district. His elder brother Gujjar Singh had registered himself as a volunteer for the

ALLARD, BENJAMIN (1796-1877), step-brother of General Allard, born at Saint Tropez in 1796, was sent to Lahore in 1829 in order to replace his brother as the military adviser of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, but the two brothers failed to win the confidence of the Maharaja, who would not release General

JUJHAR SINGH, SAHIBZADA (1691-1705), the second son of Guru Gobind Singh, was born to Mata Jitoji at Anandpur on 14 March 1691. Like his elder brother, Ajit Singh, he started training in the fighting skills as soon as he started learning the religious texts. In 1699, when he was

ATA MUHAMMAD KHAN BARAKZAI, son of Painda Khan Barakzai, became the governor of Kashmir in 1809. When Shah Shuja`, the king of Afghanistan, was dethroned, he fled towards the Punjab. At Attock he was captured by the governor, Jaharidad Khan. who sent him to Kashmir to be handed over

JAMUNA (YAMUNA) Ganga, Jamuna, Godavari and Sarasvati make effort to touch the dust of the feet of saints. (Malar M. 4, p. 1263) It is the Guru (Ramdas), who assumed the birth and work of Machh (fish incarnation), Kachh (tortoise incamation) and Baraha (boar incarnation) and who (as Krishna)

ATAR SINGH ATARIVALA (d. 1897), son of Chatar Singh Atarivala, governor of Hazara. He joined his father during the latter`s re volt against the British in 1848-49 and was, after the annexation of the Punjab, confined within the limits of his village, along with his father and brother, Raja

KARAM SINGH, BHAI (1891-1921), one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was born on 5 Assu 1948 Bk/19 September 1891, the son of Bhat Hakam Singh and Mat Kisso of Lahuke village in Amritsar district. The family had migrated to the Lower Chenab Canal Colony and settled in Chakk 75

AULUKH, AJMER SINGH Aulukh, Ajmer Singh has published three collections of short plays. Arbad Narbad Dhundakar (Aeons and the Nebula, 1978) includes five such plays. The title is taken from a line of Guru Nanak in the Guru Grantha in which he has given cosmology on the lines of

KUBERA , KUMERA (KUVERA) .....There are many Kumers (Kubers)..... (Sarag M. 5, p. 1236) According to Mahabharata, Kubera (Kuvera) was the son of Pulastya. Ravana was his half-brother. The city of kuvera is called Alaka which is situated in the Himalayas. Once he was also in the possession of