MALUK SINGH converted to the Kuka or Namdhari faith in 1864. With a band of 50 of his companions, he set up what he called a Kuka government in his village, Tharajvala, in Firozpur district, by declaring British rule as having ended. He was arrested and imprisoned for this.

MANGAL SINGH, a Risaldar in the erstwhile princely state of Patiala, was born in 1842, the son of jagirdar Hira Singh. He was arrested in 1872 for his alleged involvement in the attack by the Kukas on the butchers of Malerkotia, and was imprisoned at Allahabad.