DHANNA SINGH MALVAI (1775-1843), soldier and jagirdar under Ranjit Singh, belonged to the village of Maur in Nabha territory. Mall Singh, Dhanna Singh`s father, who was the first in the family to be initiated a Sikh, left his village about 1760 and entered the service of Charhat Singh Sukkarchakkia

FATEH SHAH (d. 1716) was the ruler of the Himalayan state of Srinagar (Garhval) from 1684 to 1716. He had strained relations with Raja Medini Prakash of Sirmur. When Guru Gobind Singh made Paonta his headquarters in April 1685 at the invitation of the latter, he brought about reconciliation between

GHULAM MURTAZA, MIRZA, served the Lahore Darbar under Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his successors for several years. One of his ancestors, Hadi Beg, a Mughal migrant from Samarkand, had emigrated to the Punjab in 1530 during the reign of Babar and got appointment as qdzi or magistrate over seventy

GURMUKH SINGH GIANI, BHAI (d. 1843), a man of letters and an influential courtier in Sikh times, was the son of the celebrated scholar, Bhai Sant Singh, who had been the custodian of Sri Darbar Sahib at Amritsar. Gurmukh Singh was trained in Sikh religious lore at Amritsar under

HUKAM CHAND, DIWAN (1807-1869), son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s minister, Dlwan Bhavani Das, was appointed a daftari or record keeper on the establishment of Prince Kharak Singh in 1836 and was promoted the following year to the rank of kdrddr or administrator of Satghara. In 1840, he was sent

JANGNAMA, by Qazi Nur Muhammad, is an eyewitness account in Persian verse of Ahmad Shah Durrani`s seventh invasion of India, 1764-65, for which it is the only major source of information. A copy of the manuscript in the hand of one Khair Muhammad of Gunjaba was preserved at the District

JODH SINGH ROSA (d. 1819), military commander during Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s regime, had joined service in the time of the Maharaja`s grandfather, Charhat Singh. He rebuilt the old village of Rosa, in Chunian parganah of Lahore. His father, Thakar Singh, had died in the expedition led against Kasur in

KARORA SINGH (d. 1761), founder of the Karorsirighia principality of the Sikhs, was a VirkJatt belonging to the village of Bark! in the district of Lahore. He had been forcibly converted to Islam during the lime of Nawab Zakariya Khan. He, however, rejoined the Sikh faith receiving the rites

K1SHAN CHAND, RAI (d. 1873), news writer and vakil or agent of the Sikh court at Ludhiana, the British post on the Anglo Sikh frontier, was son of Bakhshi Anand Singh. Well versed in diplomacy, he accompanied Colonel Claude Wade on a political mission to Peshawar in 1839. In 1840,

LAL SINGH, RAJA (d. 1866), son of Misr Jassa Mall, a Brahman shopkeeper of Sanghoi, in Jehlum district in West Punjab, entered the service of the Sikh Darbar in 1832 as a writer in the treasury. He enjoyed the patronage of the Dogra minister Dhian Singh and, when in 1839

MANGLAN, a slave girl in the service of Maharani Jind Kaur who gained considerable influence in state affairs during the latter`s regency (1844-46). She was born about 1816 in a village near Kangra. Her father Piru, a water bearer, lived in extremely narrow circumstances. She was sold at the

MOTI RAM, DIWAN (1770-1837), was the only son of Diwan Muhkam Chand, one of Maharaja Ranjil Singh`s most trusted army generals. Moll Ram officiated as the governor of the Jalandhar Doab during the absence of bis father on military expeditions. After the death of his father in 1814, he was