JAGIRDARI, a feudal system of political and revenue administration based on jagir, lit. fief or grant of land received from the sovereign or a vassal owing fealty and obedience to him. Sikhs who, after the fall of Sirhind in early 1764, started occupying territory, did not automatically take to the

JAVALA SINGH PADHANIA alias LAKHDATA (d. 1835), a SandhuJatt of the village of Padhana, in Lahore district, was a military commander in Sikh times. His father, Mit Singh (d. 1814), had joined service under Mahari Singh Sukkarchakkia and continued to serve under his son Maharaja Ranjit Singh, taking part

JHANDA SINGH BUTAUA (d. 1883), son of Sham Singh, was a jdgirddr and military commander under Maharaja Ranjil Singh. He saw military service in Purichh where Diwan Dhanpat Rai and Mir Baz Khan had been giving trouble, and was then ordered to Hazara. He accompanied the Maharaja in the

Kaur, Prabhjot is an eminent Punjabi nationalist poet. She was born on 6 July, 1924 in village Langaryal, Distt. Gujrat, now in Pakistan. Her parents were S. Nidhan Singh Sachar and Smt. Rajinder Kaur. She is married to Col. Narenderpal Singh, who is a well-known novelist, author and journalist

LAHORE DARBAR, i.e. the Sikh Court at Lahore, denoted the government of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his successors (1799-1849). However, the Persian chroniclers refer to this government as Sarkar Khalsaji, and the term "Lahore Darbar" is not used even in British records until about the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.