Bara Mah Tukhari written in Tukhari raga by Guru Nanak presents the devotee in the image of a woman who is restless to meet her lover; the romance of nature making her more tense. It is believed that this was the last poetic creation by Guru Nanak. We see

DHARAMSALA or dharamsala from Sanskrit dharmasala, lit. court of justice, tribunal, charitable asylum, religious asylum, stands in Punjabi for a place of worship or the village hospice. Dharamsala as a Sikh institution is the precursor of gurdwara (q.v.). According to janam sakhis, accounts of the life of Guru Nanak (1469-1539).

GOD, a term used to denote any object, of worship or evocation, signifies the belief of most modern religions in the existence of a Supreme Being who is the source and support of the spatio temporal material world. Theologians remember Him by the name of God. The fundamental belief of

KAMAL, also wrinen as kanvalm Punjabi, is a flower, lotus, bearing the richest symbolic and philosophical significance in Indian lore. Its use in Indian romantic and spiritual literature goes back to ancient times. It carries, in Sanskrit, a multiplicity of names such as saroj, jalaj, vdrij, mraj (grown in

KHUHI BHAI LALO JI, GURUDWARA Gurdwara Khuhi Bhai Lalo Ji: Bhai Lab was a carpenter living at Eminabad. Guru Nanak Dev stayed with him on several occasions. Bhai Lalo\'s house became a dharmsal, meeting place for local followers of the Guru, and was later developed into Gurdwara which was named

MIAN MITTHA, a Muslim holyman living in a village which came to be called Kotia Miari Mittha in the present Sialkot district of Pakistan Punjab, met Guru Nanak as the latter was passing through his village. The two held a discourse. According to Purdtan Janam Sdkhi, Miari Mittha observed

NANAKI, BEBE, or Bibi Nanaki (1464-1518), elder sister of Guru Nanak and the daughter of Kalian Chand (Baba Kalu) and Maia Tripta, was born in 1464 in her mother`s home at the village of Chahal, now in Lahore district of Pakistan Punjab. Five years older than her brother, she

PHIRNA, BHAI, a KhahiraJatt, named, along with Bhai Jodh, among Guru Nanak`s Sikhs in Bhai Gurdas, Varan, XI. Both Bhai Phirna and Bhai Jodh had received instruction at the hands of Guru Nanak. Together they had presented themselves before the Guru and prayed that they be endowed with faith.

RAMGARHIA MISL. See MISLS RAMKALI KI VAR, also known as Tikke di Var, lit. Coronation Ode, is the joint composition of the bards Balvand and Satta. In the caption given it by Guru Arjan in the Guru Granth Sahib, the former is particularized as a Rai, or panegyrist, and

SAN GRAND, sankranti in Sanskrit, is the first day of each month of the Indian solar calendar, based on the shifting of the sun from one house (rasi) to another. From quite early in human history, the sun, and its satellites, the planets, came to be regarded as objects endowed

SIKHS` RELATIONS WITH MUGHAL EMPERORS. The Janam sakhis, traditional, accounts of the life of Guru Nanak (1469-1539), describe a meeting between him and Babar (1483-1530), founder of the Mughal dynasty, who was impressed by the former`s spiritual manner. Four of the Guru`s sabdas included in the Guru Granth Sahib allude

Starting his career as lecturer in Punjabi at Doaba College, Jalandhar, Professor Pritam Singh shifted to Sikh National College, Lahore the next year where he served as a teacher in Punjabi until 1947. Joining the Punjab Education Service after Partition he rose to be Principal, Government College, Ludhiana and