BADRI NATH (d. 1871), son of Pandit Gobind Ram who migrated from Kashmir to the Punjab at the beginning of the nineteenth century, entered Maharaja Ranjit Singh\'s army as a soldier in 1821, rising to the rank of colonel in 1835. He saw plenty of fighting during his service

HARIJAS GRANTH, by Bhai Darbari, is a collection of verse the first part (ff. 1530) of which is, in imitation of the Guru Granth Sahib, cast in rdgas, totalling thirty-four in number, adding Malkauns, Malva and Hindol to the thirty-one employed in the Sikh Scripture. The only known manuscript of

OMS (d. 1828), a Spaniard, also known as Amise, Musa Sahib, Urns and Hommus, served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s army. As a young man, he had enlisted in Napoleon`s artillery. After France`s defeat in 1815, he set out on his travels and reached Persia where he obtained employment declaring himself

VAHIGURU SHABDARTH TIKA (Vahiguru= Sikh term for God ; 6abdarth=sabda or word+arth or meaning), by Pandit Tara Singh Narotam, is small tract which traces the origin of the word Vahigurii, its meanings and its usage in Sikh scriptures. The tract has been published as part of the author`s Gurmat Nirnaya

BAHR ULMAWWAJ (lit. stormy or tempestuous sea), also known as Akhbar us Salatin, is a comprehensive work on Muslim history divided into nine parts and 49 sections fancifully called bahr (sea) and waves (mauJ) respectively, and hence the title. Its last part divided into six sections deals with Indian Timurides

IMAM SHAH (d. 1846), who rose to be a colonel in Ranjit Singh`s army entered the service of Jodh Singh of Wazirabad in 1809 as an artillery Jamadar. He was of Persian descent and a grandson of Qamar udDin, an officer in the army of Nadir Shah. In 1810,

PANJAB SINGH, son of Sham Singh, a banker in the village of Gharjakh, near Gujrariwala, enlisted in the force of Fateh Singh Kaliarivala as a trooper. After the death of his patron, Fateh Singh, in 1807, in the battle of Naraingarh, he went over to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who

VENTURA, JEAN BAPTISTE (1792-1858), a general in the Sikh army, was an Italian by birth who had served in Napoleon`s army as a colonel of infantry and had taken part in the battle of Wagram (1809), in the Russian campaign (1812) and in the battle of Waterloo (1815). After the

BAKHSHISH SINGH, one of the Sikhs of Guru Gobind Singh`s time who, as says Bhai Santokh Singh, Sri GurPratap Suraj Granth, received amrit or initiatory vows at the time of the creation of the Khalsa in 1699. He took part in the battles of Lohgarh and Nirmohgarh.

JACQUEMONTS JOURNAL is an account of the travels of Victor Jacquemont who had been sent out by the French Natural History Museum on the recommendation of Cuvier whose pupil he had been "to study the botany and geology of India, together with liberty to conduct any other investigation that he

PHUMMAN SINGH, BHAI(1906-1924), one of the Jaito martyrs, was born the son of Bhai Hamir Singh and Mat Tabi, farmers of the village of Vandar, 22 km south west of Bagha Purana in Moga district. He grew up into a strongly built handsome young man, with an affable manner. He

ZAFARNAMAH-I-RANJIT SINGH (A Chronicle of the Victories of Ranjit Singh), by Diwan Amar Nath, is a contemporary account in Persian of the events of Maharaja Ranjit Singh\'s reign from AD 1800 to AD 1837. Amar Nath, born in 1822, was the son of Diwan Dina Nath, the Maharaja\'s finance