BECHINT SINGH, BHAI (1872-1921), one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was the son of Bhai Sundar Singh and Mat Sahib Kaur, a peasant couple of the village of Pharala in Jalandhar district. The family migrated to Chakk No. 258 Pharala in the newly colonized district of Lyallpur in 1892.

BUNGA, 5 km south of Kiratpur Sahib (31 °10`N, 76t)35`E) in Ropar district of the Punjab, claims a historical shrine Gurdwara Bunga Sahib, also called Chubachcha Sahib, dedicated to Guru Har Rai. Guru Har Rai, Nanak VII, complying with his predecessor`s instruction, continued to maintain at Kiratpura body of

CHARAN SINGH. BHAI (d. 1921), one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was the son of Bhai Gokal Singh and Mai Lachhman Kaur of Diriga village, in Gujrat district. He lost his mother during infancy. His old grandmother looked after him for about five years and was then sent to

CENTRAL MAJHA KHALSA DiWAN, also known as the Shiromani Panth Milauni Jatha, was one of the several regional organizations that came into being on the eve of the Gurdwara reform movement of the 1920\'s. A Khalsa Diwan in the Majha area had in fact been established as early as

DERA, a word of Persian extraction, has several connotations. The original Persian word derah or dirah means a tent, camp, abode, house or habitation. In current usage in rural Punjab, a farmhouse or a group of farmhouses built away from the village proper is called dera. Even after such an

DUMELI, village 18 km north of Phagwara (31° 14`N. 75° 46`E) in the Punjab, is sacred to Guru Hargobind who, according to local tradition, visited here on 11 Chet 1695 Bk / 9 March 1638. The shrine raised in his honour is named Gurdwara Thamm Sahib Patshahi VI after

GHAVINDI, village in Lahore dislrict of Pakistan, only one kilometre from the IndoPak border opposite Khaira, had a historical shrine commemorating Guru Nanak`s visit. Upon his arrival in the village, the Guru is said to have put up under a lahurd tree (Cordia latifolia). On this site was built Gurdwara

GURMAT GRANTH PRACHARAK SABHA, an association aiming at propagating Sikh religion through publications, was established at Amritsar on 8 April 1885 by Giani Sardul Singh to continue the work started by his father, Giani Gian Singh (d. 30 March 1884), the first secretary of Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Amritsar, established

HARI SINGH KAHARPURI, SANT (1888-1973), Sikh saint and preacher, was born in 1888 in a Liddar Jatt family of the village of Jian, in Hoshiarpur district of the Punjab. He was the youngest of the three sons of Avtar Singh and Atar Kaur. He received instruction in religious texts from

INDAR SINGH, BHAI (1881-1921), one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was born on 27 January 1881, the son of Bhai Sarmukh Singh and Mai Sukhdel of Pandori Nijjharari in Jalandhar district. He learnt reading and writing Punjabi in the village gurudwara, and grew up into a strongly built young

JAUNPUR (25°47`N, 82°40`E), a district town in Uttar Pradesh, situated on the bank of the River Gomati, claims a historical gurudwara known as Gurdwara Tap Asthan Sri Guru Tegh BahadurJi (Bari Sarigat) or simply Gurdwara Ban Sarigat. A Sikh sangal was in existence inJaunpur when Guru Tegh Bahadur passed

KANHAIYA SINGH, BHAI (1881-1921), son of Bhai Sundar Singh and Mai Afar Kaur of Pharala village in Jalandhar district, was one of the victims of Mahant Narain Das of Nankana Sahib. One of their relations, Bhai Bodh Singh, had settled in Chakk No. 91 Dhannuana in Lyallpur district (now