JAITO MORCHA, the name given to the Akali agitation for the restoration to his throne of Maharaja Ripudaman Singh of Nabha, a Sikh princely state in the Punjab. The Maharaja had strong pro-Akali sympathies and had overtly supported the Guru ka Bagh Morcha and donned a black turban as a

MORCHA CHABIAN, campaign for the recovery of the keys of the Golden Temple treasury, marks a dramatic episode in the Sikhs` agitation in the early 1920`s for reforming the management of their places of worship. The Golden Temple at Amritsar, which had a government nominated sarbrdh or controller to manage

SARMUKH SINGH (1893-1952), the middle one of the trio of the Jhabal brothers and the first president of the Shiromani Akali Dal, was born in 1893 at Jhabal, in Amritsar district of the Punjab. He received his education at Khalsa College, Amritsar, and started taking interest in social and

BAHIRVAL, village in Chuniari tahsil (subdivision) of Lahore district of Pakistan, is sacred to Guru Arjan( 1563-1606), who once visited it during his travels in these parts. According to tradition, as the Guru arrived here from Jambar in the north, he met a poor peasant, Hema, at a well

NADALA, village 22 km north of Kapurthala (31°22`N, 75°22`E) along the KapurthalaBholath road, is sacred to Guru Hargobind (1595-1644), who, according to local tradition, visited here more than once. Gurdwara Chheviri Patshahi marking the site where he stayed is a sixstoreyed building with the assembly hall at the ground

SEHRA SAHIB, GURDWARA, on top of a hillock near Basi or Basantgarh village, one kilometre south of Guru ka Lahore in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh, is dedicated to Guru Gobind Singh, who halted here for a short time on his way to Guru ka Lahore for his marriage in

BHAI PHERU, GURDWARA (also called Gurdwara Sangat Sahib), named after its founder, the well known Udasi Sikh preacher Bhai Pherii (1640-1706), is located at Mien ki Maur, in Chuniari tahsil of Lahore district in Pakistan. During Sikh times, large endowments in land extending to about 2,750 acres were inscribed to

JASWANT SINGH (1896-1964), the youngest of the trinity of Jhabal brothers who were all active in the Gurdwara Reform movement, was born on 17 June 1896 at the village of Jhabal, in Amritsar district of the Punjab. After matriculating from Khalsa High School, Lahore, in 1916, Jaswant Singh joined

NAULAKKHA, a village about 20 km north of Patiala (30° 20`N, 76° 26`E), has a gurdwara dedicated to the memory of Guru Tegh Bahadur who visited the site during one of his journeys across the Malva region. The shrine was managed for a long time by a line of

SHAHID SIKH MISSIONARY COLLEGE, at Amritsar, a college for training Sikh preachers, was opened in October 1927 in memory of the shahids, i.e. martyrs, who had on 20 February 1921 laid down their lives at Nankana Sahib, birthplace of Guru Nanak, during the campaign for the reform of the management

BHAI PHERU MORCHA, one of a series of campaigns in the Sikhs` agitation in the 1920`s for the reformation of their holy places. Gurdwara Sangat Sahib, located in Mien ke Maur in Lahore district, about 15 km from Chhanga Manga railway station, dedicated to the memory of Bhai Pheru (1640-1706),

JASWANT SINGH, BHAGAT (1881-1967), prominent in the Gurdwara Reform movement of 1920-25, was born at Rawalpindi, now in Pakistan, on 15 Poh 1938 Bk/27 December 1881, the son of Chaudhari Sayan Singh. After matriculating from Mission School, Rawalpindi, he passed his B.A. examination from Gordon College, Rawalpindi. In 1921,