An outline of Sikh architectureby S.S. BhattiSo little has been written about Sikh architecture that it is difficult for anyone to believe that such a style of architecture exists at all. It is ironic that whereas the Sikhs are known the world over for their characteristic vigor, valor, versatility, above

RIKABGANJ AGITATION (1913-20) marked the Sikh protest against the demolition by the British of one of the walls of the historical Rikabganj shrine in New Delhi. Gurdwara Rikabganj, sacred to the memory of Guru Tegh Bahadur, at present a. splendid marble edifice, was, in the early

LAKHNAUR, 10 km south of Ambala City (30"23`N, 76"47`E), was the ancestral village of Mata Gujari, mother of Guru Gobind Singh. Returning in 1670 to Patna after his long eastern journey, Guru Tegh Bahadur asked his family to travel straight to Lakhnaur, while he himself made a detour and went

BEERWAH (pronounced Birvah), a sub divisional town in Badgam district of Jammu and Kashmir, 35 km southwest of Srinagar (34° 5`N, 74° 50`E), claims a historical Sikh shrine, Gurdwara Sri Guru Nanak Charan Asthan Dukhnivaran, commemorating the visit of Guru Nanak to these parts in the early years of the

DUDDHI, a village 7 km to the southwest of Ladva (29° 59`N, 77° 3`E) in Kurukshetra district of Haryana, has a historical shrine, Gurdwara Diorhi Sahib, dedicated to Guru Tegh Bahadur. As he was travelling in those parts, the Guru was invited by the inhabitants to visit their village. By

INDAR SINGH, BHAI (1881-1921), one of the Nankana Sahib martyrs, was born on 27 January 1881, the son of Bhai Sarmukh Singh and Mai Sukhdel of Pandori Nijjharari in Jalandhar district. He learnt reading and writing Punjabi in the village gurudwara, and grew up into a strongly built young

If you pray fraudulently in your mind, what is the need of going to Ka\'bah .for a Å«^/ ? (Prabhali Kabir, p. 1350) The Sheikh (Muslim divine) without the quality of sabar (patience)—why should he go to Ka\'bab for a hajj, says Kabir ? The one who has no

MUNAK KALAN, village 3 km north of Urmar (31°41`N, 75°38`E) in .Hoshiarpur district of the Punjab, claims a historical shrine in memory of Guru Hargobind (1595-1644), who visited here once during a hunting expedition. He alighted under a shisham tree (Dalbergia sissoo, tahli in Punjabi), about 250 metres north

RALIA, village 14 km north of Mansa (29° 59`N, 75° 23`E) in Bathinda district of the Punjab, is sacred to Guru Tegh Bahadur, who visited it during his travels across southeastern Punjab. The shrine established to commemorate the visit was for along time controlled by anchorites of the Nath cult.

THATTA, a small village 10 km west of Kapurthala (31022`N, 75022`E) in the Punjab, has a historical shrine, Gurdwara Damdama Sahib, commemorating the visit of Guru Nanak. According to local tradition, Guru Nanak and the guests who constituted his marriage party, on their way from Sultanpur Lodhi to Batala