AURANGZIB, MUHI UDDIN MUHAMMAD ALAMGIR (1618-1707), the last of the great Mughal emperors of India, ascended the throne of Delhi on 21 July 1658 after he had gained a decisive victory in the war of succession at Samugarh, near Agra, on 29 May 1658. Aurangzib`s appointment in 1636 as

CHAND KAUR, MAHARANI (1802-1842), wife of Maharaja Kharak Singh, the eldest son of and successor to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was born the daughter of SardarJaimal Singh of the Kanhaiya mis in 1802 at Fatehgarh, in present day Gurdaspur district of the Punjab. She was married to Prince Kharak Singh

CHANDRA-HASA As for Chandrahasa, Dhrishta Buddhi was in great anguish. He himself caused to burn (destroy) his own house. (Nat M. 4, p. 982) He was prince of a Southern\' State. His father was killed in battle and his mother became Sati on the funeral pyre of her husband.

DOST MUHAMMAD KHAN. AMIR (1791-1863), ruler of Kabul and Qandahar, was the son of Painda Khan (executed 1799), the Barakzai chief. Dost Muhammad`s first engagement with the Sikhs was at Attock, the Afghan citadel, which had fallen into the hands of the Sikhs in June 1813. In the conflict which

GANGEVA PITAMA By remembering the same name Gangeva Pitama (Bhishma Pitama) was saturated with ambrosia, having concentrated his mind on the Feet of the Lord. (Swayye Mahle Teeje Ke, p. 1393) Bhishma Pitama was the son of king Shantanu and bom of the holy river goddess Ganga, therefone he was

NANU SINGH, priest of Gurdwara Sri Hazur Sahib, Nanded (Hyderabad), who served as an intermediary between Thakur Singh Sandharivalia, prime minsiter to Maharaja Duleep Singh in his emigre government at Pondicherry and his associates in the Punjab. Correspondence and messages to and from those working for the restoration of

PRITHI CHAND, BABA (1558-1618). the eldest son of Guru Ram Das (1534-81), and Mata Bhani, was born in 1558 at Goindval, in present day Amritsar district of the Punjab. He was by nature ambitious and haughty. Guru Ram Das chose his youngest son Arjan (1563-1606) as his successor to

SARMUKH SINGH, BAVA, a staunch member of the Kuka sect and a brother of Bava Nihal Singh, author of the much talked about book in the closing decades of the nineteenth century, Khurshid Khalsa. It was under his supervision that the book was printed at the AftabiHind Press at

SHAH SHUJA (1780-1842) or Shuja`ulMulk, the King of Kabul, was the youngest son of Taimur Shah and grandson of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Shah Zaman, his elder brother, appointed him governor of Peshawar. In 1800, Shah Zaman was defeated and dethroned by his half brother, Shah Mahmud, but Shah Shuja`

SHER SINGH NAMAH, also known as Halati`Punjab, by Muhammad Naqi Peshawari Ibn Khwaja Bakhsh Mulla, is an unpublished manuscript, in Persian, containing an account of events of the Punjab from the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1839 to the accession to the throne in 1843 of Maharaja Duleep

TAKHT, Persian word meaning a throne or royal seat, has, besides its common literal use, other connotations in the Sikh tradition. In Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikh Scripture, phrases such as sachcha takht (true throne) and pura takht (perfect throne) have been used to signify God`s seat of divine justice.