Alphabetical Index

HAMDARD, SADHU SINGH (1918 - 1984) Hamdard, Sadhu Singh was double-barrelled journalist, excelling in both Urdu and Punjabi and an innovative poet, who carried in his name the psudonym \'Hamdard\', "sharing with all the pangs of their hearts," "friendly towards all," was born in 1918 in a peasant family of moderate means living at the village of Paddi Matvali, near Banga, in Jalandhar district of the Punjab. He was attracted by the revolutionary activity which was the stirring the hearts of the youth in his neighbourhood. As a high school student, he was active in Chaudhri Sher Jang\'s group of the radicals in the Yug Paltai Dal, party to impart a radical turn to the age. The Dal was formed in 1939-40 by Giani Harbans Singh of Sarhala Khurd in Hoshiarpur district.

HANUMAN (HANWANTAR) Though Hanuman burnt the citadel of Lanka, uprooted the garden of Ravana, brought the wound-healing herb for Lakshmana and pleased Sri Rama, yet due to his previous karmas (actions), he could not get rid of his loin-cloth. (Dhanasan Trilochan, p. 695) Within his mind Ram Chand (Sri Rama) mourned for Sita and Lakshmana. He remembered Hanwantar (Hanuman), who came to meet him. (Shalok Varan te Vadhik M. l, p. 1412) It is said mat Hanuman\'s actual father was god Shiva. When Shiva and Parvati played in the forest, disguised as elephants, Ganesha was bom to them.

HAQIQAT RAH MUQAM RAJE SHIVNABH KI Haqiqat Rah Muqam Raje Shivnabh Ki (account or description of way, i.e. journey to the abode of Raja Shivnabh) is an anonymous and undated short piece in Punjabi prose, found appended to some manuscript copies of the Guru Granth Sahib, particularly to copies of the Bhai Banno recension. The author of this account is supposed to be Bhai Paira, a learned Sikh who was deputed by Guru Arjan to go to Singhladip (Singhladip of the Janam Sakhis), present-day Sri Lanka, to fetch a copy of a manuscript called the Pran Sangll (Chain of the Vital Breath), an interpretation of Hatha Yoga, which was said to have been recited by Guru Nanak to the Raja of Sanghladip, Shivnabh.

HAR KRISHAN, GURU (1656-1664), the eighth Guru or prophet teacher of the Sikh faith, was the younger son of Guru Har Rai (1630-61) and Mata Sulakkham. He was born on 7 July 1656 at Kiratpur, in the Sivalik hills, in present day Ropar district of the Punjab. As his time came, Guru Har Rai chose Har Krishan, then barely five years old, his successor and gave him his own seat, asking the Sikhs to look upon him as his very image. Guru Har Krishan assumed the spiritual office upon the death of his father on 6 October 1661. He sat on the throne a small Figure very young in years.

HAR RAI, GURU (1630-1661), the seventh Guru of the Sikh faith, was the son of Baba Gurditta and grandson of Guru Hargobind, Nanak VI. He was born on 16 January 1630 at Kiratpur, in present day Ropar district of the Punjab. In 1640, he was married to Sulakkhani, daughter of Daya Ram of Anupshahr, in Bulandshahr district ofUttar Pradesh. He was gentle by nature and had a devout temperament. He was Guru Hargobind`s favourite grandchild, and he had been given the name of Har Rai by the Guru himself. Once, record old texts, Har Rai was returning home after his riding exercise. From a distance he saw Guru Hargobind sitting in the garden.

HAR RAIPUR, a village 19 km north of Bathinda (30°14`N, 74°59`E), is sacred to Guru Har Rai, who once stopped here during his travels across the Malva region. The old name of the village, still current in popular usage, was Bhokhn. It was changed during the late 1960`s to Har Raipur in honour of Guru Har Rai. Guru Gobind Singh is also said to have visited Bhokhn. The present building of Gurdwara Sri Guru Har Rai Sahib, 400 metres to the northwest of the village, was constructed in 1928.

HARAMBAY (MAGHAR) If the hard-hearted sinner dies at Banarasa, he cannot save himself from hell. If the saint of the Lord dies at Harambay, he ferries across many people besides himself. (Asa Kabir, p. 484) Harambay seems to be another narne for Maghar, where, according to tradition, if anyone dies, he is reborn as an ass. In the above reference, Kabir has rejected such a viewpoint. See : Maghar

Born in 1943, in Halwara, Distt. Ludhiana, Punjab, Harbhajan Singh Halwarvi is a post-graduate in Mathematics and Punjabi Literature. He also knows Hindi and English. In 1977 he joined Punjabi Tribune as Assistant Editor; then he became Acting Editor and eventually Editor, of the same paper and worked there up to 1997 and again from 2000 to 2002. He has been guest Editor, Jagriti (Punjabi Monthly), Senior Research Fellow, Deptt.

HARCHANDAURI You see only Harchandauri (Mirage), there is nothing permanent. (Asa M. 5, p. 461) When you see it carefully, the world is like Harchandauri (mirage), therefore get only the gain of the meditation on the Name. (Asa M. 5, p. 402) It is said that the king Hari Chand, son of Trishanku because of his great generosity and justice, was given a boon of going directly to heaven along with his subjects. When he left for heaven with his city and subjects, the sage Narada highly praised him for his works, which made him infatuated with pride. As soon as the ego welled up within him, instead of going upwards his city began to fall down.

HARDWAR (HARI-DWARA) I am eager to die and also die at Hari-dwara, so that the Lord may ask who is lying here at my door-step ? (Shalok Kabir, p. 1367) Hardwar (Hari-dwara) is a pilgrim station at the place where Ganga (the Ganges) finally breaks through the mountains into the plains of India. In the above reference Kabir does not talk about his place of pilgrimage, but instead he is eager to die at the gate of the abode of the Lord. Hari-dwara means the gate of the abode of the Lord.

HARI LAL, BHAI, and his brother, Bhai Krishan Lal, Brahmans of Kashi who, disregarding caste prejudice and pride, joined the Sikh faith in the time of Guru Arjan. According to Bhai Kahn Singh, Gurushabad Ratandkar Mahdn Kosh, slokas in SahaskritT, a contemporary variety of Sanskrilized diction, were composed by the Guru for their instruction. The main point of this composition is that, of all gifts of God, the gift of His name is the most precious. Hari Lal and his brother dedicated themselves to spreading the message of Guru Nanak and established sangats in the region of KashI (present Varanasi).

HARI RAM GUPTA, DR (1902-1992), teacher and historian, with Sikhs in the eighteenth century Punjab as his major theme in the exploration of which he spent a lifetime filled with unsparing labour. He was born in 1902 in a family of modest means living at the village of Bhureval in Naraingarh tahsil of Ambala district. He received his early education in rural schools. For higher education, he was able to transfer himself to metropolitan Lahore where after receiving his Master`s degree, he took appointment as a lecturer in history at Forman Christian College.

HARI SINGH, a native of Pandori, one of a number of villages of that name, 8 km northwest of Tarn Taran in Amritsar district of the Punjab. He joined Bhai Maharaj Singh after the first AngloSikh war and helped him in his campaign in the Majha region against the British. He was with Maharaj Singh throughout the second Sikh war. From Sujoval, in the latter half of 1849, he was sent to Ambala to prepare the people of that area for a fresh revolt.

HARI SINGH KAHARPURI, SANT (1888-1973), Sikh saint and preacher, was born in 1888 in a Liddar Jatt family of the village of Jian, in Hoshiarpur district of the Punjab. He was the youngest of the three sons of Avtar Singh and Atar Kaur. He received instruction in religious texts from Sant Dalip Singh of Domeli. He grew up to be a youth of a strong, athletic build and enlisted in the 25th Punjab Battalion as a sepoy in 1904, serving in the North-West Frontier Province. Under the influence of Sant Harnarn Singh, who also belonged to the village of Jian and who was also then serving in the army, his native religious inclination asserted itself and he became more and more preoccupied with gurbdni and meditation.

HARI SINGH NALVA (1791-1837), celebrated general of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was horn in April 1791, at Gujranwala, now in Pakistan, to Gurdial Singh, an Uppal Sikh and a derdddrm the Sukkarchakkia misl. The family originally came from Majitha, near Amritsar. His grandfather, Hardas Singh, had been killed fighting against Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1762. His father, Gurdial Singh, had taken part in many of the campaigns of the Sukkarchakkias Charhat Singh and Mahari Singh. Hari Singh was hardly 7 years of age when his father died. His mother, Dharam Kaur, had to move to her parental home to live under the care of her brothers.

HARICHAND Hari Chand was praised for his generosity. Without the Guru, he could not comprehend the Indiscriminating Lord. The Lord Himself causes one to err and also instructs him. (Gauri M. l, p. 224) That Hari Chand, the king and master of the world, did not comprehend the Writ of the Lord. If he had known the demerit of generosity, then why could he sell himself in the market? (PrabbaU M. l, p. 1344) The king Harish Chandra (generally known as Hari Chand) was the twenty-eighth king of the solar dynasty; and son of Trishanku.