Alphabetical Index

JAVEHAR MALI., BHAI, was a masand at Varanasi during the time of Guru Tegh Bahadur. Some of the Guru\'s hukamndmds or edicts issued to sangats of Banaras (Varanasi) and still preserved in Gurdwara Bari Sarigat, Varanasi, addressed him variously as Javehar Mall, Javehar Das or simply as Javehari. While passing through Varanasi on the way to Patna, Guru Tegh Bahadur left one of his horses, named Sridhar, who had fallen sick, in the care of the sangat there. One of the hukamndmds directs Bhat Javehar Mall to send the horse upon recovery to Patna.

JAWAHAR SINGH (d. 1838), son of Bishan Singh and great grandson of Sodhi Abhai Ram, served in the Sikh army under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The family traced its descent from Baba Kaul, founder of the village of Dhilvari, now in Faridkot district. Abhai Ram, who enjoyed the esteem of the chiefs of Patiala and Nabha, added to the family`s fortunes. Jawahar Singh established himself at Dhilvari and being the eldest in the family succeeded to the sarddn or chicf ship after his father`s death in 1826.

JAWAHAR SINGH (1814-1845), son of Manna Singh Aulakh, was wazir or prime minister of the Sikh kingdom for a few months from 14 May 1845 to 21 September 1845 during the regency of his sister, Maharani Jind Kaur. He was appointed guardian to his young nephew, Dulcep Singh, who came to the throne in September 1843. After the fall of Hira Singh and his adviser Pandit Jalla in December 1844, three persons, Lal Singh, Gulab Singh and Jawahar Singh, staked their claim to prime ministership. Maharani Jind Kaur, who kept tlie control of Lahore affairs in her hands, had ultimately Jawahar Singh appointed prime minister on 14 May 1845.

JAWAHAR SINGH, a native of Sarhali in Amritsar district of the Punjab, joined Bhai Maharaj Singh (d. 1856) at Dev Baiala soon after the second AngloSikh war. He was left behind at their camp at Chumbi in the interior of Jammu region, when Maharaj Singh with the main body of his troops shifted to Sujoval, in Gurdaspur district. He soon rejoined them at Zahura, in Hoshiarpur district. He was among the twenty trusted men detailed to rescue Maharaja Dulcep Singh from British custody. He rejoined Bhai Maharaj Singh at Sham Chaurasi at the beginning of December 1849 and was among those arrested with him on the night of 28-29 December 1849.

JAWAHAR SINGH NALVA (1809-1877), son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s celebrated general, Hari Singh Nalva, joined the Sikh army in 1832 and was sent to Jaharigira, a military post on the northwest frontier. Two years later lie was posted to Peshawar where he took part in numerous campaigns against the Afghans up to the time of his father`s death at Jamrud in April 1837. During the second AngloSikh war, he joined hands with Raja Shcr Singh`s forces and fought against the British with great gallantry at Chcliarivala, leading a desperate charge of irregular cavalry, which had nearly proved decisive.

JAWAHAR SINGH RANDHAVA, son ot`Prem Singh, a soldier in the army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, belonged lo the Randhava family of the village of Khunda in Gurdaspur district, who had once been with the Kanhaiya misi, but a major portion of whose territory had been confiscated by the Maharaja. Prem Singh had to seek a place under a relation, Desa Singh Majithia, with ten sovdrs or horsemen, in which capacity he continued to serve Maharaja Ranjit Singh until his death in November 1824.

JAWAHAR SINGH, BHAI (d. 1924), one of the Jailo martyrs, was the son of Bhai Khetu, a Mahabt...

JAWAHIR SINGH, BHAI (1859-1910), a leading figure in the Singh Sabha movement, was the son of Bhai Anna Singh Kapur of Gujranwala, now in Pakistan. He was born at Amritsar in 1859. After finishing school, he entered service in the accounts department of the North Western Railway in 1876, and making steady progress rose to be the superintendent in the Manager`s office in 1903. In 1882, he attended law classes of the University of the Panjab, but did not continue to complete the course. In 1886, he applied for the position of a granthi at the Harimandar at Amritsar, but his candidature was rejected owing to his earlier religious affiliations.

Jeet, Gurmukh Singh, born at Midh Ramjha in Sargodha district in 1922, is prolific Punjabi writer and critic. He did his post-graduation (Political Science) in 1949 from Punjab University and has retired as a senior class I officer, from Govt. of India. Jeet is a prolific writer who began his literary career as a critic with books like Amrita Pritam di kar-kala (1954), Samkali Punjabi kahani (1957), but soon turned to fiction. He has published nine short story collections: Kale admi (1956), Dharti son sunehli 1958), Daswan greh (1964), Phullan de parchaveu (1970), Supne di tajposhi (1977), Neel kanth (1981), Vekho kaun aayae (1986), Sargam di hatya (1987), Vakhre vakhre focus ( 1987); five novels: Mrig trishna (1968), Sarkah de par (1973), Ik hore suraj (1983), Majra kya Hai (1985), Fasana khattam hua (1987).

JETHA BHAI (d. 1634), a devoted Sikh who successively attended upon Guru Arjan and Guru Hargobind. He took part in sevd for the excavation of the sacred pool at Amritsar and the construction of the Harimandar. He was one of the five Sikhs who accompanied Guru Arjan on his last journey to Lahore where he met a martyr`s death in 1606. His other four companions were Bhai Bidhi Chand, Bhai Langah, Bhai Paira and Bhai Pirana. These Sikhs were witness to the events leading to the Guru`s martyrdom.

JETHA SINGH was a Sikh of Guru Gobind Singh`s time. He was a merchant by profession and lived at Ahmadnagar. He was host, in Ahmadnagar, to Bhai Daya Singh, one of the Parij Piare, who travelled in 1706 to the South with Guru Gobind Singh`s letter, Zafamdmah, to be delivered to Emperor Aurarigzib.

JETHA, BHAL See Guru Ram Das JETHA, BHAI, a Sikh of the time of Guru Ram Das. He received initiations and instruction at the hands of the Guru himself. JETHA, BHAI, a Sikh of the time of Guru Ram Das. He received initiations and instruction at the hands of the Guru himself. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Gurdas, Bhai, Varan, XI. 17. 2. Mani Singh, Bhai, Sikhdn di Bhagat Maid. Amritsar, 1955 3. Santokh Singh, Bhai, Sri Gur Pratap Suraj Granth.

JETHA, BHAL See Guru Ram Das JETHA, BHAI, a Sikh of the time of Guru Ram Das. He received initiations and instruction at the hands of the Guru himself. JETHA, BHAI, a Sikh of the time of Guru Ram Das. He received initiations and instruction at the hands of the Guru himself. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Gurdas, Bhai, Varan, XI. 17. 2. Mani Singh, Bhai, Sikhdn di Bhagat Maid. Amritsar, 1955 3.

JHABAL KALAN (spelt Chabal in Survey of India maps), village 15 km west of Tarn Taran (31°27`N, 74°56`E) in Amritsar district of the Punjab, is sacred to Guru Hargobind, who came here to perform the marriage of his daughter, Bibi Viro, on 26Jcth 1686 Bk/ 24 May 1629. During the Mughal times Jhabal fell on the main DelhiLahore highway and the road junction here was known as Manak Chowk. The shrine established at the spot consecrated by Guru Hargobind`s stay on the western edge of the village came to be called Gurdwara Manak Chowk.

JHANDA KALAN, village 7 km south of Sardulgarh (29°42`N, 75°14`E), in Mansa district of the Punjab, is sacred to Guru Gobind Singh, who, according to Bhai Santokh Singh, Sn Gur Pratdp Suraj Grantli, stayed here overnight while on his way from Talvandi Sabo to Sirsa in 1706. A shrine commemorating the visit was later established, about 200 metres southwest of the village. It was served by a line of Udasi sddhus until the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee took over possession under the Sikh Gurdwaras Act of 1925.

JHANDA RAMDAS. popularly called Ramdas, a village in Amritsar district of the Punjab, celebrates Baba Buddha of revered...